<oo>→<dh> Digital humanities

Course materials

XML

• An even gentler introduction to XML
• You aren’t a beginning XML developer anymore (common beginner tagging mistakes and how to avoid them)
• XML test (answers)

Relax NG

• Introduction to Relax NG
• Relax NG practice (self-test, with answers)
• Patterns, anti-patterns, and other Relax NG details
• Mixed content and empty elements in Relax NG
• Eric van der Vlist’s Relax NG
• Relax NG test (answers)

Text Encoding Initiative (TEI)

• Lou Burnard’s What is the Text Encoding Initiative? How to add intelligent markup to digital resources
• TEI Guidelines (P5)
• TEI By Example offers a series of freely available online tutorials walking individuals through the different stages in marking up a document in TEI.
• Subscribe to the TEI-L discussion list

Regular expressions

• Introductory tutorials and practice
  • Regular expressions quick start (with links to other tutorials) at http://www.regular-expressions.info/
  • RegexOne introduction with simple, interactive exercises
  • Learn regular expressions with Software Carpentry
  • Regular expressions cheat sheet
• regexpal and ExtendsClass regex tester (on-line regular expression testers)
• Regex tips and Autotagging with regular expressions (at our sibling newtFire site)
• <xsl:analyze-string> tutorial
• Regex assignment #1 (answers)
• Regex assignment #2 (answers)
• Regex assignment #3 (answers)
• Regex test (answers)

HTML

• HTML basics
• Server side includes (SSI)
• W3C markup validation service
• Image maps
  • Image map generator (calculates coordinates for image maps in HTML)
  • Dudley Storey’s Create a responsive imagemap with SVG

Cascading style sheets (CSS)

• Introduction to Cascading style sheets (CSS)
• Using <span> and @class to style your HTML
• Layout and CSS:
  • Our Website layouts
  • Learn CSS Layout
  • A complete guide to Flexbox
  • A complete guide to Grid and Practice Grid interactively
• Introduction to CSS animations
• Using Webfonts tutorial
• The CSS zen garden
• W3C CSS validation service (Jigsaw)
• A11y color contrast accessibility validator
• You can edit and develop CSS interactively in the browser. See Get Started With Viewing And Changing CSS for a brief tutorial. The tutorial is written for Chrome, but all of the major browsers have comparable developer tools.
• Color
  • Color-hex gives information about colors including color models (RGB,HSL,HSV and CMYK), Triadic colors, monochromatic colors and analogous colors calculated in color page.
  • Color Brewer provides attractive, curated color palettes, primarily for maps. See Rick Wicklin’s brief description to learn more about how to use it.
  • Coding colors easily using CSS3 hsl() notation

XPath

• What can XPath do for me?
• The XPath functions we use most
• XPath: Looking Stuff Up
  • Michael Kay, XSLT 2.0 and XPath 2.0. 4th Edition, available on line in the Pitt library system at http://site.ebrary.com/lib/pitt/detail.action?docID=10381092 (authentication required)
  • XPath and XQuery functions and operators 3.1 (W3C recommendation 21 March 2017)
  • XML Path Language (XPath) 3.1 (W3C recommendation 21 March 2017 )
  • Saxon function documentation
  • W3Schools XSLT, XPath, and XQuery functions
  • devhints.io XPath cheat sheet
• fables.xml (Selected Aesopian fables, in class activity)
• XPath assignment #1 (answers)
• XPath assignment #2 (answers)
• XPath assignment #3 (answers)
• XPath assignment #4 (answers)
• XPath test (answers)

XSLT

• XSLT basics
• Our XSLT configuration in <oXygen/> describes how to set up the <oXygen/> XSLT debugging view to transform XML to HTML (and other output formats) using XSLT
• XSLT basics, part 2: variables, conditionals, keys, and push and pull
• User-defined functions
• What’s new in XSLT 3.0 and XPath 3.1?
• The XSLT paradigm and Default template rules (slide sets from TEI XSLT workshop at Brown University)
• Thinking in algorithms (how to conceptualize an XSLT transformation before you begin to write the code)
• Developing an XSLT stylesheet (the workflow of writing XSLT)
• Using the XSLT identity transformation
• How to convert Bad Hamlet from XML to an HTML tables that counts the number of speeches in each act
• Modal XSLT
• Attribute Value Templates (AVTs)
• There are two basic ways to transform XML in <oXygen/> and save the output. We usually use the first one in our own work:
  • Saving generated output from XSLT transformations
  • Transforming XML with XSLT using transformation scenarios
• XSLT assignment #1 (answers)
• XSLT assignment #2 (answers)
• XSLT assignment #3 (answers)
• XSLT assignment #4 (answers)
• XSLT assignment #5 (answers)
• XSLT assignment #6
• XSLT test (answers)
• User-defined functions in XSLT: exercise 1 (answers)

XQuery

• Getting started with XQuery
• XQuery Wikibook (general and eXist-specific XQuery documentation and examples)
• StylusStudio XQuery tutorials
• Using PHP to query the eXist XML database
• See also the XML to network visualization by way of XQuery exercises in the Network analysis listings
• XQuery assignment #1
• XQuery assignment #2
• XQuery assignment #3

Schematron

• Introduction to Schematron
• Examples of schematron from our projects
• Russian movie theater project
  • Sample interview (xml) alyrzaeva.xml
  • Relax NG schema schema_interview.rnc
  • Schematron schema exampleSchematron.sch
  • Reference index index.xml
• Validating references with Schematron
  • Skyrim XML and Relax NG
  • Analysis
• Using Schematron in editing
• Schematron assignment #1 (answers)
• Schematron assignment #2 (answers)
• Schematron test (answers)

SVG

• w3schools introductory SVG tutorial (good, basic introduction; start here for a quick initial overview with brief examples of the most common features)
• Jakov Jenkov SVG tutorial (also introductory, but longer and with more detail than the preceding; start here for something more comprehensive)
• SVG cheat sheet (Washington State University)
• Viewbox tutorial: an introduction to the SVG coordinate space
• How to scale SVG (Amelia Bellamy-Royds’s tutorial about how scaling SVG doesn’t work like scaling othe types of images).
• Katherine Kato’s SVG properties and CSS
• By Sara Soueidan:
  • Building better interfaces with SVG
  • Understanding SVG coordinate systems and transformations (Part 1) — The viewport, viewBox, and @preserveAspectRatio
  • Understanding SVG coordinate systems and transformations (Part 2) — The @transform attribute
  • Understanding SVG coordinate systems and transformations (Part 3) – Establishing new viewports
  • Making SVGs responsive with CSS
• SVG image maps (Dudley Storey)
  • Web developer reading list: SVG Imagemaps and interactivity
  • Using SVG as an alternative to Imagemaps
  • Create a responsive Imagemap with SVG
• On-line SVG editors: Method draw | svg-edit
• Software: Inkscape (open-source vector graphics editor; see also Aaron Nieze’s rich assortment of Inkscape tutorials)
• Tutorial: Using XSLT to generate a bar graph
• Embedding SVG in XHTML
• Trigonometry refresher (in case you need to plot circular locations)
• SVG assignment #1 (answers)
• SVG assignment #2 (answers)
• SVG assignment #3 (answers)
• SVG assignment #4
• SVG test (answers)

XSpec

• XSpec assignment #1
• XSpec assignment #2

XProc

• XProc: pipelines for project management
• The data <2>type Overview of XProc
• Roger Costello’s XProc Tutorial
• George Bina’s An introduction to XProc (forty-minute video from the <oXygen/> Users Meetup, Munich, 2013)
• Erik Hennum’s Getting started with XProc
• The official specification at XProc: An XML Pipeline Language

Visualization

• About visualization
  • Claus O. Wilke’s Fundamentals of data visualization
  • Eight great books about data visualisation
  • Elijah Meeks’s D3 is not a data visualization library
  • Stephen Few’s Perceptual edge is primarily about business analytics, but the library and examples sections are applicable to humanities data.
  • Shawn Graham, Ian Milligan, and Scott Weingart’s Principles of information visualization (part of their The historian’s macroscope: Big digital history)
  • Angela Zoss’s Introduction to data visualization
  • Yan Holtz’s and Conor Healy’s From data to viz
  • Dipanjan (DJ) Sarkar’s Effective visualization of multi-dimensional data: a hands-on approach
• Visualization galleries
  • Michael Bostock’s D3 visualization gallery
  • Wikipedia pages for diagrams and charts
  • Google graphs Chart gallery and Additional charts gallery
  • Jeffrey Heer, Michael Bostock, and Vadim Ogievetsky’s Tour through the visualization zoo
  • Severino Ribecca’s Data visualisation catalogue
  • Vega Example gallery
• Sample visualizations
  • Song modality: trends over time (Jacob Graham, Ted Kondrich, Vincent Marecic, Shannon Dunn, Bill Campbell; Pitt Greensburg student project, spring 2022)

JavaScript

• Our tutorials
  • Introduction to JavaScript
  • JavaScript piece by piece tutorial
• External tutorials, portals, and other resources
  • Mozilla development network JavaScript Guide and JavaScript reference
  • Marijn Haverbeke’s Eloquent JavaScript (open-access on-line textbook)
  • JavaScript Kit (a comprehensive resource for JavaScript tutorials, scripts, and more)
  • JavaScript garden (JavaScript Garden is a growing collection of documentation about the most quirky parts of the JavaScript programming language. It gives advice to avoid common mistakes and subtle bugs, as well as performance issues and bad practices, that non-expert JavaScript programmers may encounter on their endeavours into the depths of the language. JavaScript Garden does not aim to teach you JavaScript. Former knowledge of the language is strongly recommended in order to understand the topics covered in this guide.)
• Debugging tools
  • David Smith’s JavaScript debugging for beginners (introduction to using built-in browser debugging tools)
  • Advanced guides to debugging in Chrome, Firefox (see also the Firefox developer edition), Internet explorer, Edge, Safari, and Opera
• Sample code
  • Highlighting text sample (2009 Obama inaugural address)
  • Using JavaScript to change text (2012 US election results; illustrates JavaScript show/hide and innerHTML, as well as embedding SVG in XHTML)
  • JavaScript toggling with classList
  • Setting a value based on two dropdown lists
  • Show/hide and styling with JavaScript
• JavaScript assignment #1
• JavaScript assignment #2

Markdown

• GitHub three-minute guide to Mastering markdown
• John Gruber’s guide to Markdown syntax

Topic modeling

• Mallet (MAchine Learning for LanguagE Toolkit; software for topic modeling)
• Mining the Dispatch (Topic modeling in action)
• Getting Started with Topic Modeling and MALLET (Topic modeling tutorial)
• David M. Blei’s introductory and teaching materials
• Ben Schmidt about topic modeling and similar technologies
  • Words alone: Dismantling topic models in the humanities (cautionary notes about the assumptions that underlie topic modeling, especially with diachronic data, and suggestions for using it more effectively)
  • Vector space models for the digital humanities (differently from topic modeling, this word-embedding model [WEM] represents relationships among words as a spatial analogy)

Network analysis

• Social network analysis: an introduction (includes David Krackhardt’s Kite network)
• Introduction to social network methods (Robert A. Hanneman and Mark Riddle)
• Networks demystified (Scott Weingart)
• An introduction to network analysis and Cytoscape for XML coders (Elisa Beshero-Bondar)
• The following two exercises, from our sibling newtFire course, illustrate how to use XQuery to extract data from your XML files and visualize it using Cytoscape:
  • XQuery to network
  • Graphing a network in Cytoscape
• Software: Cytoscape | Gephi | Pajek (pronounced PAH-yeck) | yEd

Geographic information systems (GIS)

• Keyhole Markup Language
  • Introduction to KML (our tutorial; see also our samples)
  • KML documentation (Google tutorial and reference)
  • Using XQuery and XSLT together to produce KML for mapping (from Elisa Beshero-Bondar’s Pitt-Greensburg DH course)
• Geocoding
  • Geocoding utilities at GPSVisualizer.com
  • GeoNames geographical database
• Datasets and maps
  • Natural Earth (public domain map dataset)
  • OpenStreetMap (collaborative project to create a free editable map of the world)
  • David Rumsey Map Collection
  • Perry-Castañeda Library map collection (University of Texas, Austin)
• GIS visualization software
  • Leaflet
  • QGIS (visualization, editing, and analysis of geographic information; see also QGIS Tutorials and Tips)
  • WorldMap WARP (open-source online tool for digitally aligning [geo-rectifying] scanned historical maps)
• Other resources
  • Comparison of geographic information systems software (article from Wikipedia)
  • e-Perimetron (e-journal on sciences and technologies affined to history of cartography and maps)
  • Stanford Spacial history project

Natural language processing

• FreeLing: An open source suite of language analyzers
• Natural language tool kit (NLTK)
• Stanford NLP Group tools
• Yandex MyStem Russian NLP

Music

• Music analysis software
  • Software music analyzers (Mac OS)
  • Sonic Visualiser is a free, open source application for viewing and analysing the contents of music audio files. For tutorial guidance see especially Nicholas Cook and Daniel Leech-Wilkinson’s A musicologist’s guide to Sonic Visualiser.
  • Audacity is free, open source, cross-platform software for recording and editing sounds.
  • music21: a toolkit for computer-aided musicology
• Music encoding initiative (MEI)
  • MEI main project page
    • An introduction to MEI
    • MEI tutorials
  • Verovio (on-line tool to visualize MEI as musical score notation)
  • Metadata Editor and Repository for MEI Data (MerMEId)
  • MEI Score Editor (MEISE; Musical Note Editor)
  • Sample MEI projects

Unicode

• Unicode Consortium (includes code charts)
• Unicode checker (MacOS only; explore, analyze, and convert text among encodings)
• Unicode code converter (on-line, by Richard Ishida; see also his other Unicode utilities)
• shapecatcher.com (draw a character and find it in the Unicode database)